Teaching Children Quotes Biography
Source(google.com.pk)Watson began teaching psychology at John Hopkins University in 1908. In 1913, he gave a seminal lecture at Columbia University titled Psychology as the Behaviorist Views It, which essentially detailed the behaviorist position.
According to John Watson, psychology should be the science of observable behavior. "Psychology as the behaviorist views it is a purely objective experimental branch of natural science. Its theoretical goal is the prediction and control of behavior. Introspection forms no essential part of its methods, nor is the scientific value of its data dependent upon the readiness with which they lend themselves to interpretation in terms of consciousness," he explained (1913).
The "Little Albert" Experiment:
In his most famous and controversial experiment, known today as the "Little Albert" experiment, John Watson and a graduate assistant named Rosalie Rayner conditioned a small child to fear a white rat. They accomplished this by repeatedly pairing the white rat with a loud, frightening clanging noise. They were also able to demonstrate that this fear could be generalized to other white, furry objects. The ethics of the experiment are often criticized today, especially because the child's fear was never deconditioned.
In 2009, researchers were able to identify Little Albert as a boy named Douglas Merritte. The question of what happened to the child had intrigued many for decades. Sadly, the researchers found that the child died at age six of hydrocephalus, a medical condition in which fluid builds up inside the skull.
In 2012, researchers presented evidence that Merritte suffered from neurological impairments at time of the Little Albert experiment and that Watson may have knowingly misrepresented the boy as a "healthy" and "normal" infant.
Leaving Academia:
Watson remained at John Hopkins University until 1920. He had an affair with Rayner, divorced his first wife and was then asked by the university to resign his position. Watson later married Rayner and the two remained together until her death in 1935. After leaving his academic position, Watson began working for an advertising agency where he remained until he retired in 1945.
During the later part of his life, John Watson's already poor relationships with his children grew progressively worse. He spent his last years living a reclusive life on a farm in Connecticut. Shortly before his death, he burned many of his unpublished personal papers and letters.
Contributions to Psychology
Watson set the stage for behaviorism, which soon rose to dominate psychology. While behaviorism began to lose its hold after 1950, many of the concepts and principles are still widely used today. Conditioning and behavior modification are still widely used in therapy and behavioral training to help clients change problematic behaviors and develop new skills.
Achievements and Awards
1915 – Served as the President of the American Psychological Association (APA)
1919 – Published Psychology From the Standpoint of a Behaviorist
1925 – Published Behaviorism
1928 – Published Psychological Care of Infant and Child
1957 – Received the APA's award for contributions to psychologyAfter coming to the United States, von Braun worked with the Army on the development of ballistic missiles. He became the technical director of the Army's Ballistic Missile Agency in Alabama in 1952, where he aided in the production and launching of the Redstone, Juno, Jupiter-C, and Pershing rockets. The Redstone rocket eventually carried Alan Shepard and Gus Grissom into space for the first and second American suborbital flights.
In 1947, von Braun returned to Germany to marry Maria Luise von Quistorp, and to bring her and his parents back to America. The couple had three children. In 1955, von Braun became a U.S. citizen.
After the 1957 launch of the Russian satellite Sputnik, the first manmade object to enter space, von Braun and his team assembled and launched the first American satellite, Explorer 1, on Jan. 31, 1958.
In 1960, von Braun and his team left the employ of the Army to join the newly formed National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Serving as director of NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Alabama, von Braun oversaw the development of the Saturn I, IB, and V. The Saturn V rocket lifted all of the Apollo lunar missions into space.
Von Braun served as NASA's deputy associate administrator for planning from 1970 until he resigned in 1972. He served as vice president of the aerospace company, Fairchild Industries, and founded the National Space Institute, a private industry seeking to gain support and understanding of space industries.
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sayings For Parents Islam About Learning
Teaching Children Quotes Children Quotes Tumblr And Sayings From The Bible For Parents Love For Tattoos Funny And sayings For Parents Islam About Learning
Teaching Children Quotes Children Quotes Tumblr And Sayings From The Bible For Parents Love For Tattoos Funny And sayings For Parents Islam About Learning
Teaching Children Quotes Children Quotes Tumblr And Sayings From The Bible For Parents Love For Tattoos Funny And sayings For Parents Islam About Learning
Teaching Children Quotes Children Quotes Tumblr And Sayings From The Bible For Parents Love For Tattoos Funny And sayings For Parents Islam About Learning
Teaching Children Quotes Children Quotes Tumblr And Sayings From The Bible For Parents Love For Tattoos Funny And sayings For Parents Islam About Learning
Teaching Children Quotes Children Quotes Tumblr And Sayings From The Bible For Parents Love For Tattoos Funny And sayings For Parents Islam About Learning
Teaching Children Quotes Children Quotes Tumblr And Sayings From The Bible For Parents Love For Tattoos Funny And sayings For Parents Islam About Learning
Teaching Children Quotes Children Quotes Tumblr And Sayings From The Bible For Parents Love For Tattoos Funny And sayings For Parents Islam About Learning
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